Drums and rhythm exist on all continents of the earth.

Rhythm is a universal language that moves, inspires and connects people all over the world.
The rhythm instruments can be found everywhere in music and different styles.

Spoiler: African drums

African drums

Djembe ♬
The djembe is a goblet drum made of hardwood, with a skin usually made of goatskin. It is one of the most versatile drums because you can create a variety of sounds. The origins of the djembe drum can be traced back to West Africa. ♬ A unique feature of the djembe is that it is very loud for its small size.

Conga ♬
The conga is a drum that is used in very many areas of music and is indispensable - whether jazz, soul, other modern music styles, or Latin American and Afro-Cuban drumming.... In Cuba, congas are called tumbadoras and are very important in Cuban music.

The conga, the most important instrument in rumba, is played especially much in Latin America. It is probably a South American drum. Probably the origin of the instrument, as it is used today in many musical styles as an accompanying instrument, is originally based on African drums.

It is possible that the conga evolved from the African kpanlogo. The kpanlogo is a drum that originated in West Africa, an African conga. The West African bougarabou is also similar.
The conga is usually played in sets of two to four drums. They are often mounted on a stand to be played standing up.

Batá ♬
A batá drum is a Nigerian drum and has an hourglass shape, with one cone larger than the other. ♬ It was once used to convey messages and was also considered the drum of gods and kings. It is a dubious drum in the cult music of the Yoruba of Nigeria and Benin, and is also used in the Afro-American Santeria religion in the Caribbean. In Cuba, three drums of different sizes and playable from both sides are always used. The Batá drums are very closely associated with Yoruba beliefs and mythology and are used in religious rituals.

Kpanlogo ♬
The Kpanlogo is a West African drum and comes from Ghana. It is mostly played together with other kpanlogos, oprentes and bass drums. The oprente is the solo drum for ensemble playing. It is also played with djembe and African bass drums. ♬ It is an integral part of Kpanlogo music and dance forms.

Oprente ♬
The oprente is also from Ghana and is the solo drum in a drum ensemble with Kpanlogos. It usually has a higher sound than the kpanlogos. The shape is somewhat bulbous with a narrower foot.

Ashiko ♬
Ashiko is traditionally made of hardwood and usually goat or cow skin and has a cylindrical body. Ashikos have a warm overall sound and are punchy in the bass range. They can be played with either hands or mallets.

Ashikos table drums are also suitable for educational-therapeutic practice. It originated in the Yoruba culture and is also traditionally found in West Africa. ♬ The traditional. Ashiko were handmade from a single piece of wood and used for many ceremonies and celebrations.

Caryenda ♬
The caryenda is a traditional African drum. ♬ It is considered sacred and was the symbol on the national flag of Burundi. ♬ It is played at major events, royal announcements, weddings and funerals.

Spoiler: European drums

European drums

Bodhrán ♬
The bodhran is an Irish frame drum.
It has become a symbol of Ireland and is played a lot in pubs and at concerts.
The diameter is between 20 cm for small specimens to 50 cm for large ones. The frame is covered with a skin (usually goatskin) and often reinforced with a cross. Playing with or without a cross is usually just a matter of taste, but it can also be used for stabilization.

Lambeg ♬
It is an Irish drum popularly played during street parades. ♬ It is one of the loudest musical instruments in the world. ♬ It is played with malacca sticks.

Few other instruments can match the Lambeg drum for size and volume. This impressive percussion instrument is unique to the province of Ulster and is not made anywhere else. In fact, it is the largest double-sided rope drum in the world and is considered the loudest folk instrument in the world!

Snare ♬

Timpani ♬
Timpani or kettle drums are shell-shaped drums played with special timpani sticks and belong to orchestral instruments. Usually one or more stand side by side in the orchestra. The shell is made of copper and is stretched with a skin. Timpani are very popular in marching and rock bands. In the past it was used as a ceremonial drum. Probably the first timpani exist since the 12th century.

Spoiler: North American drums

North American drums

Pow-wow ♬
Pow-wow is a traditional Native American drum. It is played when people gather to celebrate festivals. The drum is considered very sacred and is also used for spiritual rituals.

Spoiler: Latin American drums

Latin American drums

Bongo ♬
Bongos are a pair - two drums, rather small - usually made of wood, sometimes ceramic, joined together. ♬ The larger drum is called a hembra, the smaller one is called a macho. ♬ The origin of bongos can be traced back to Cuba.

Cajon ♬
The word cajon comes from the Spanish language and means box, drawer. It probably originated in Peru about 500 years ago.

It is impossible to imagine modern music without the cajon and it is often used as an accompanying instrument to guitar playing and singing. One sits on the instrument and plays the front with different percussion techniques. Accessories such as Cajon brooms or a Cajon pedal are also used. The Cajon often replaces the drum accompaniment and of course has the advantage of being easily transported.
Some also suspect that slaves of African origin in America are attributed the origin of the Cajon drums, who out of necessity used everyday objects as drum substitutes. ♬

Steel drums ♬
(or steel pan, translated as steel drums or steel pans). ♬ These drums originated in Trinidad and Tobago and were invented around 1930. At that time, British colonial rulers forbade the locals to play traditional drums.

Oil production played a big role at that time. Due to the prohibitions of the colonial masters, the people were looking for possibilities to express themselves musically. The first steel drums were created on disused metal drums. Today, the steel drums are the national instrument in Trinidad and Tobago. They are available in different scales. They fascinate with their special and unusual sounds. The tone fields are struck with muted mallets.

Caixa ♬
Caixa de Guerra is a Latin American snare drum and comes from Brazil. It is made of wood, metal or acrylic. It is a very popular drum used in bands, parades, rock concerts and samba.

Pandeiro ♬
Pandeiro is a Brazilian frame drum and is played with the hands. Thumbs and different fingers are used in patterns to create different sounds. It is used primarily in Brazilian musical forms such as samba and capoeira. Its sound is similar to the loud sound of jingles.

Repinique ♬
It is a two-headed Brazilian drum made of metal and very popular in samba, but is also used in American classical music. It is tuned very high and is usually the main instrument. ♬ It is played with a wooden stick and one hand.

Surdo ♬
Surdo is a bass drum of Brazilian origin. They are usually made of galvanized steel or aluminum. The drum head is made of goatskin or plastic. They are often used in samba bands and provide the deep bass sounds. There are different sizes. They are often hung around and played while walking, like the other samba drums.

Timbales ♬
Timbales, also called pailas, are drums with metal shells and probably come from Cuba. These small and flat drums can produce a variety of strokes. This makes them very popular in rumba and samba music. Some of them are often used as accompaniment in music and have gained the status of main instruments. They are part of most cultures, played for entertainment purposes as well as for religious reasons, and are also used in music therapy.

Timba ♬
The matching solo drum used in samba.

Candombe drums ♬
Candombe drums come from Uruguay. ♬ They are an essential part of candombe music and are a folkloric dance accompaniment in Uruguay and Argentina. The drums are available in three sizes and are called Chico, Repique and Piano.

Spoiler: North African and Arabic drums

North African and Arabic drums

Darbuka ♬
Darbuka is a cup drum of East and North African origin. ♬ First mentions of this drum can be found as early as 1100 B.C. ♬ You can play it by tucking it under your arm or sliding it over your shoulder. ♬ Many different rhythms of Middle Eastern music were developed with a darbuka.

Riq ♬
Riq is a traditional musical instrument used in Arabic music. ♬ It resembles a tambourine. ♬ The frame is made of wood, while the head is made of fish or goat skin. ♬ Riq can be played by shaking it vertically or even horizontally above the head.

Tar ♬
Tar is a frame drum from the Middle East and North Africa. ♬ Native Americans use tar in many traditional festivals and ceremonies. ♬ Representations of these drums dating back thousands of years have been found.

Bendir ♬
Is a type of frame drum. They are among the oldest and most commonly used drums. ♬ It is a North African drum that was also popular in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. It is used in special Sufi ceremonies. ♬ Bendir is quite similar to the tambourine, but has no jingles

Spoiler: Asian drums

Asian drums

Damaru ♬
Damaru is a small two-sided drum that has great significance in Hinduism and Buddhism. It is the instrument of Lord Shiva and its music is considered spiritually powerful. ♬ It is usually made of wood or leather, but can also be made of skulls. ♬ It is believed that the Sanskrit language originated from the beats of the Damaru.

Dhol ♬
Dhol is a very popular drum in India and the Indian subcontinent. It is a double-sided drum used in regional and folk music. In different parts of India, there are many differences in the size of dhols. The most popular is the Punjabi dhol, which is played in Bhangra music.

Mridangam ♬
Mridangam is of Indian origin and very important in Carnatic music. Early mridangams were made of clay. It was depicted as the instrument of Lord Ganesha. It is hollow on the inside and made from the wood of a jackfruit tree.

Naal ♬
Also known as dholak, it is a South Asian drum. It is a two-sided drum popular in folk music. It is usually slung over the shoulder and played with the hands.

Nagada ♬
Nagada are kettle drums played with sticks. They are often played in pairs. One nagada produces low pitches while the other produces loud ones. They are very popular in India.

Tabla ♬
The tabla was invented in India and its origins can be traced back to 200 BC. The right drum is called tabla (or dhayan), and the left drum is called dagga (or duggi / dama). It is popularly played in Indian folk music and Hindustani classical music. It is played with the hands and different techniques are used to produce a variety of sounds. A special finger technique is used, which is completely different from the playing technique of most types of drums.

Tupan ♬
Tupan, also known as davul, tapan, douli, or dohol, is popular in both folk and modern music. It is made of hardwood and the drum head is made of goatskin, sheepskin or donkey skin. It is played with the hands or a wooden stick.

Bedug ♬
Bedug is an Indonesian drum. It is very popular among Java Muslims. It is played during prayers and Islamic festivals.

Chenda ♬
Chenda is a cylindrical wooden drum from Kerala, India. It is also popular in Karnataka and is called chande in some parts. ♬ It has a loud and rigid sound.

Damphu ♬
Damphu is a very rare Nepali drum. It is a very popular musical instrument among the Tamang community and an essential part of their traditions, and is played during wedding ceremonies and other rituals and festivals.

Dayereh ♬
Dayereh is a frame drum with jingles. Also called doyra or dajreja, it is a simple drum with a wooden frame and a goatskin skin. It is used in classical music in Iran, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan.

Dhak ♬
Dhak is a Bengali drum. It is an essential part of the Durga Puja in West Bengal, India. It hangs from the neck and is played with two thin sticks.

Dhimay ♬
It is a double-sided drum made of wood or metal. The skins are made of goatskin. The left side is played with the hand, while the right side is played with a stick. It produces a very deep sound.

Dong Son Drums ♬
They are bronze drums from Vietnam. They usually have geometric patterns, scenes from daily life, animals, birds and boats. They are played during weddings and festivals.

Thavil ♬
Thavil is a South Indian drum used in folklore and folk music. It is a cylindrical drum made of jackfruit wood. It has water buffalo skin on the right side and goatskin on the left side. It is played with slender sticks.

Taiko drums ♬
The oldest drums of the taiko design originated in China, probably 300 BC to 300 AD. From there, the drums probably spread to Korea. They were used for military campaigns and rituals.

Source: www.musikschule-trommelkunst.de/instrumente/trommel-arten

 

Very nice List @BEAT16 Thx